A Redox shuttle is a molecule that can transfer electrons between the anode and cathode to prevent lithium plating. The shuttle acts as a mediator, allowing lithium ions to flow freely between the electrodes while preventing the formation of lithium deposits. The molecule is small enough to move through the electrolyte but also stable enough to withstand repeated cycles of oxidation and reduction.
There are several types of Redox shuttles, each with its own unique properties and advantages. The most commonly used Redox shuttle is called the vinylene carbonate (VC) molecule. VC has a high redox potential and is able to effectively transfer electrons between the anode and cathode. Additionally, it has a low vapor pressure, making it stable and long-lasting in the battery.
The use of Redox shuttles in Lithium-ion batteries has several benefits. One of the main benefits is increased safety. By preventing lithium plating, the Redox shuttle reduces the risk of thermal runaway and other safety hazards that can occur during overcharging or high current discharge. Additionally, the use of Redox shuttles can improve the battery's cycle life and overall performance as it allows for a more efficient transfer of lithium ions, reducing the formation of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and other performance-limiting factors.
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