Cell balancing is an important aspect of lithium-ion battery design and management. This process ensures that all the cells within a battery pack have the same state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) to prevent overcharging or over-discharging of individual cells.
This is crucial to the performance, safety, and longevity of the battery pack.
There are several methods of cell balancing that are used in lithium-ion batteries. The most common methods include Active balancing, Passive balancing, and hybrid balancing.
Active balancing is the most efficient method for balancing cells in high-power applications. It uses active components, such as power transistors and control circuits, to transfer energy between cells. This method is fast and accurate, but it can be expensive and complex to implement.
Passive balancing is the simplest and most cost-effective method. It relies on the natural self-discharge of the cells to balance the SOC within the pack. This method can be used in batteries with a low discharge rate, but it is not suitable for high-power applications where the cells need to be balanced quickly.
Hybrid balancing is a combination of passive and active balancing. It uses passive balancing for low-power applications and active balancing for high-power applications. This method is more efficient than passive balancing and less expensive than active balancing.
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